Electrically induced or electrovortical flows occur in electrically conducting liquids when electric currents interact with their own induced or externally applied magnetic fields. The resulting Lorentz force is generally non-conservative, which can generate spontaneous vortical motion even in the absence of mechanical stirring. These flows strongly depend on current path geometry, electrode configuration, and boundary conditions. They play a key role in momentum and heat transport in liquid metal systems. Relevant applications include metallurgical processes, liquid metal batteries, plasma, and electrochemical cells, where flow control is essential for stability and efficiency.
